tunyanshizhicongwaijiejingkousherushiwubingjingshiguanchuanshudaodaweideguocheng，shirenleizuifuzadexingweizhiyi。tunyanzhangaishiyouyuxiahe、shuangchun、she、ruane、yanhou、shiguandengqiguanjiegouhe（huo）gongnengshousun，bunenganquanyouxiaodibashiwuyoukousongdaoweineideyizhonglinchuangbiaoxian。

tunyanzhangaidelinchuangbiaoxian：

①yinfatunyandongzuokunnan；②bineirongwufanliu；③kesou；④biyinzhong；⑤kesoufanshejianruo；⑥yesai；⑦gouyuzhangaihefushi（yekebanyouqitadaozhikouyanbutunyankunnandeshenjingzhengzhuang。）

吞咽障碍的分类：

yijujiepougongnengjiegoudebianhuaqingkuang，tunyanzhangaikefenweishenjingxingtunyanzhangaihejiegouxingtunyanzhangailianglei。

1、神经性吞咽障碍

dangtunyanzhangaishiyouyushenjingxingjibingsuozhishi，chengweishenjingxingtunyanzhangai。muqianlinchuangshangzuichangjian、yanjiuzuiduodeshinaozuzhonghoudetunyanzhangai，cileitunyanzhangaijiepoujiegoumeiyouyichang，shuyukouyan、shiguanyundongyichangyinqidezhangai。duoyouzhongshushenjingxitongjimoshaoshenjingxitongzhangai、jiroubingbiandengbingliyinsusuozhi。①ru：naozuzhong、pajinsenbing、fangshexingnaobing、naowaishang、disinaoshizhongliu、naoganhuoxiaonaobingbian、naotan、yanzhongrenzhizhangaihuochidaideng。②naoshenjingbingbian，ruduofaxingyinghua、yundongxingshenjingyuanbing、jilan-baleizonghezhengdeng。③shenjingjiroujietoujibing，ruzhongzhengjiwuli。④jiroujibing，ruduofaxingjirouyan、yingpibing、daixiexingjibing、zhanglixingjiyingyangbuliang、huanyanjijingluan、kouyanmianhuojingbujizhanglizhangai、jisuihuizhiyanhoujiweisuodeng。

2、jiegouxingtunyanzhangai shikou、yan、hou、shiguandengjiepoujiegouyichangyinqidetunyanzhangai。changjianyou：tunyantongdaojilinjinqiguandeyanzheng、sunshanghuozhongliu，waishangshoushuhuofangshezhiliaodeng。